it-e-24 Understanding the World Wide Web

25 May 2011 in 英语 on english, it

The World Wide Web is a system of Internet servers that supports hypertext to access
several Internet protocols on single interface. The World Wide Web is often abbreviated as the
Web or WWW.
The World Wide Web was developed in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee of the European Particle
Physics Lab (CERN) in Switzerland. The initial purpose of the Web was to use networked
hypertext to facilitate communication among its members, who were located in several counties.
Word was soon spread beyond CERN, and a rapid growth in the number of both developers and
users ensued. In addition to hypertext, the Web began to incorporate graphics, video and sound.
The use of the Web has now reached global proportions.

Almost every protocol type available on the Internet is accessible on the Web. Internet

protocols are sets of rules that allow for intermachine communication on the Internet. The
following major protocols are accessible on the Web:
E-mail (Simple Mail Transport Protocol or SMTP): Distributes electronic messages and files
to one or more electronic mailboxes
Telnet (Telnet Protocol): Facilitates login to a computer host to execute commands
FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Transfers text or binary files between an FTP server and client
Usenet (Network News Transfer Protocol or NNTP): Distributes Usenet news articles
derived from topical discussions on newsgroups
HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol): Transmits hypertext over networks. This is the
protocol of the WWW.
Many other protocols are available on the Web. To name just one example, the Voice over
Internet Protocol (VoIP) allows users to place a telephone call over the Web.
The World Wide Web provides a single interface for accessing all these protocols. This creates
a convenient and user-friendly environment. It is no longer necessary to be conversant in these
protocols within separate command-level environments. The Web gathers together these protocols
into a single system. Because of this feature and because of the Web's ability to work with
multimedia and advanced programming languages, the World Wide Web is the fastest-growing
component of the Internet.
The operation of the Web relies primarily on hypertext as its means of information retrieval.
HyperText is a document containing words that connect to other documents. These words are called
links and are selectable by the user. A single hypertext document can contain links to many
documents. In the context of the Web, words or graphics may serve as links to other documents,
images, video and sound. Links may or may not follow a logical path, as each connection is
programmed by the creator of the source document. Overall, the WWW contains a complex virtual
Web of connections among a vast number of documents, graphics, videos and sounds.
Producing hypertext for the Web is accomplished by creating documents with a language
called HyperText Markup Language, or HTML. With HTML, tags are placed within the text to
accomplish document formatting, visual features such as font size, italics and bold, and the
creation of hypertext links. Graphics may also be incorporated into an HTML document. HTML
is an evolving language, with new tags being added as each upgrade of the language is developed
and released. The World Wide Web Consortium, led by Tim Berners-Lee, coordinates the efforts
of standardizing HTML.
The World Wide Web consists of files called pages or Web pages, containing information
and links to resources throughout the Internet.
Web pages can be created by user activity. For example, if you visit a Web search engine
and enter keywords on the topic of your choice, a page will be created containing the results of

your search. In fact, an increasing amount of information found on the Web today is served from
databases, creating temporary Web pages "on the fly" in response to user queries. Access to Web
pages may be accomplished by:
Entering an Internet address and retrieving a page directly.
Browsing through pages and selecting links to move from one page to another.
Searching through subject directories linked to organized collections of Web pages.
Entering a search statement at a search engine to retrieve pages on the topic of your
choice.
Today's World Wide Web presents an ever-diversified experience of multimedia, programming
languages and real-time communication. There is no question that it is a challenge to keep up with the
rapid pace of developments. The following presents a brief description of some of the more important
trends to watch.
The Web has become a broadcast medium. It is possible to listen to audio and video over the
Web both pre-recorded and live. For example, you can visit the sites of various news organizations
and view the same videos shown on the nightly television news. Several plug-ins are available for
viewing these videos. For example, Apple's Quick Time Player downloads files with the .mov
extension and displayed these as "movies" in a small window on your computer screen. Quick Time
files can be quite large, and it may take patience to wait for the entire movie to download into your
computer before you can view it.
The problem if slow download times has been answered by a revolutionary development in
multimedia capability: Streaming media. In this case, audio or video files are played as they are
downloading or streaming into your computer. Only a small wait, called buffering, is necessary
before the file begins to play. The RealPlayer plug-in plays streaming audio and video files.
Extensive files such as interviews, speeches and hearings work very well with the RealPlayer.
The RealPlayer is also ideal for the broadcast of real-time events. These may include press
conferences, live radio and television broadcasts, concerts, etc. The Windows Media Player is
another streaming media player. Many sites offer the option to use one player or the other. A list
of sites that make use of these programs is available on the page, Multimedia on the Web.
Shockwave presents another multimedia experience. Shockwave allows for the creation and
implementation of an entire multimedia display combining graphics, animation and sound.
Sound files, including music, may also be heard on the Web. It is not uncommon to visit a
Web page and hear background music. Sound files are also available for downloading
independent of Web page visits. Sound files of many types are supported by the Web with the
appropriate plug-ins. The MP3 file format, and the choice of supporting plug-ins, is the latest
music trend to sweep the Web. The famous Napster site allows for the exchange of MP3 files.
Live cams are anther aspect of the multimedia experience available on the Web. Live cams
are video cameras that send their data in real time to a Web server. These cams may appear in all

kinds of locations, both serious and whimsical: an office, on top of a building, a scenic locale, a
special event, and so on.
The use of existing and new programming languages has extended the capabilities of the
Web. What follows is a basic guide to a group of the more common languages and functions in
use on the Web today.
CGI, Active Server Pages: CGI (Common Gateway Interface) refers to a specification by
which programs can communicate with a Web server. A CGI program, or script, is any program
designed to accept and return data that conforms to the CGI specification. The program can be
written in any programming language, including C, Perl, and Visual Basic Script. A common use
for a CGI script is to process an interactive form on a Web page. For example, you might fill out
a form ordering a book through Interlibrary Loan. The script processes your information and
sends it to a designated e-mail address in the Interlibrary Loan department.
Anther type of dynamically generated Web page is called Active Server Pages (ASP).
Developed by Microsoft, ASPs are HTML pages that include scripting and create interactive
Web server applications. The scripts run on the server, rather than on the Web browser, to
generate the HTML pages sent to browsers. Visual Basic and JScript (a subset of JavaScript) are
often used for the scripting. ASPs end in the file extension .asp.
Java/Java Applets: Java is probably the most famous of the programming languages of the
Web. Java is an object-oriented programming language similar to C++. Developed by Sun
Microsystems, the aim of Java is to create programs that will be platform independent. The Java
motto is, "Write once, run anywhere." A perfect Java program should work equally well on a PC,
Macintosh, Unix, and so on, without any additional programming. This goal has yet to be
realized. Java can be used to write applications for both Web and non-Web use.
Web-based Java applications are usually in the form of Java applets. These are small Java
programs called from an HTML page that can be downloaded from a Web server and run on a
Java-compatible Web browser. A few examples include live newsfeeds, moving images with
sound, calculators, charts and spreadsheets, and interactive visual displays. Java applets can tend
to load slowly, but programming improvements should lead to a shortened loading time.
JavaScript/JScript: JavaScript is a programming language created by Netscape Communications.
Small programs written in this language are embedded within an HTML page, or called externally
from the page, to enhance the page's the functionality. Examples of JavaScript include moving tickers,
drop-down menus, real-time calendars and clocks, and mouse-over interactions. JScript is a similar
language developed by Microsoft and works with the company's Internet Explorer browser.
VRML: VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language) allows for the creation of three-dimensional
words. These may be linked from Web pages and displayed with a VRML viewer. Netscape
Communicator comes with the Cosmo viewer for experiencing these three-dimensional worlds. One of
the most interesting aspects of VRML is the option to "enter" the world and control your movements
within the world.
XML: XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a Web page creation language that enables

designers to create their own customized tags to provide functionality not available with HTML.
XML is a language of data structure and exchange, and allows developers to separate form from
content. At present, this language is little used as Web browsers are only beginning to support it.
In May 1999, however, the W3 Consortium announced that HTML 4.0 has been recast as an
XML application called XHTML. This move will have a significant impact on the future of both
XML and HTML.
Text, audio and video communication can occur in real time on the Web. This capability
allows people to conference and collaborate in real time. In general, the faster the Internet
connection, the more successful the experience.
At its simplest, chat programs allow multiple users to type to each other in real time.
Internet Relay Chat and America Online's Instant Messenger are prime examples of this type of
program. The development of a messaging protocol is underway. Such a protocol would allow
for the expansion of this capability throughout the Internet.
More enhanced real-time communication offers an audio and/or video component. CU-See
Me is one of the most popular software programs of this type. Even more elaborate are programs
that allow for true real-time collaboration. Microsoft's NetMeeting and Netscape's Conference
(available with Communicator) are good examples of this.
Featured collaboration tools include:
audio: conduct a telephone conversation on the Web;
video: view your audience;
file transfer: send files back and forth among participants;
chat: type in real time;
whiteboard: draw, mark up, and save images on a shared window or board.
document/application sharing: view and use a program on another's desktop machine.
collaborative Web browsing: visit Web pages together.
Currently no standard exists that will work among all conferencing programs.
Push: Push refers to a technology that sends data to a program without the program's request.
This is the opposite of the typical "pull" of the Web, in which the user clicks on a link to request
a file from a server. With push, the data is sent automatically. Content is sent through a "channel".
The early Web-based implementation of push was commercial. Push can also be used to deliver
software upgrades to a desktop machine.

1, facilitate [fə'siliteit]
v. 帮助,使...容易,促进
2, proportions [prə'pɔ:ʃəns]
n. 比例；大小（proportion的复数形式）
3, retrieval [ri'tri:vəl]
n. 取回,恢复,修补
4, diversified [dai'və:sifaid, di-]
adj. 多样化的；各种的
v. 使…多样化（diversify的过去分词）
5, whimsical ['(h)wimzikəl]
a. 心情浮动的,反覆无常的,古怪的
6, conduct ['kɔndʌkt, -dəkt]
n. 行为,举动,品行
vt. 引导,指挥,管理
vt. 导电，传热
7, commercial [kə'mə:ʃəl]
a. 商业的
n. 商业广告

Continue reading it-e-24 Understanding the World Wide Web

it-e-25 RosettaNet

25 May 2011 in 英语 on english, it

Remember the promise of the paperless office? Computers communicating electronically with
one another were going to replace the tons of paperwork that characterized business-to-business
interaction: purchase orders, invoices, payments, confirmations, documentation. The list was nearly
endless. Electronic document interchange (EDI) was going to be the savior or our systems and
protector of our forests.
It didn't happen. EDI never met the challenges of connecting scores of proprietary and
mission-critical applications. Now a new success of is stepping up to the challenge.
RosettaNet is both a set of standards and a global consortium of more than 500 electronic
components, IT and semiconductor manufacturing companies working to create, implement and
promote open e-business process standards. Founded in 1998, RisettaNet aims to align specific
business processes among trading partners by defining and standardizing up to 100 e-business

transaction processes so that two companies' back-end systems can talk directly to each other.
RosettaNet takes its name from the Rosetta stone, which a soldier in Napoleon's army
discovered in Egypt in 1799. Since it contained parallel inscriptions in both Greek characters and
Egyptian hieroglyphics, it provided a key to deciphering ancient Egyptian writing.
This modern electronic translator speaks the contemporary languages of computer interoperability
XML and SOAP
which should allow disparate systems and business processes from different
organizations to understand and exchange data with one another.
The consortium began its Herculean task by looking at supply chain processes. Members used
business-process modeling to identify the elements of a working business process and create a
clearly defined model of current trading partner interfaces. After extensively researching every level
of the supply chain, as well as analyzing misalignments and inefficiencies, they developed a set of
generic, standardized processes that could serve as the basis for real-world business-to-business
alignment.
These Partner Interface Processes (PIP) are specialized system-to-system, XML-based
dialogues. Each PIP specification includes a business document and a detailed business process
that includes interaction, data transmission, security and error-handling requirements.
PIPs use two data dictionaries
one for business properties and another for technical properties
that help different companies define the same produce in exactly the same way. The Rosettanet
Implementation Framework defines an exchange protocol, and the Message Guidelines instruct
implementers on how to encode individual PIPs into specific packages.
Such efforts at standardizing generic processes have been tried before and failed. RosettaNet,
however, seems more carefully grounded in the real world, and its PIPs are tested by consortium
members. After consortium partners have agreed through a voting process that a PIP meets
industry needs, it is then published on the RosettaNet Web site and is available for anyone to use.

1, invoice ['invɔis]
n. 发票,发货单,货物
v. 开发票,记清单
2, inscriptions [in'skripʃən]
n. 题字,碑铭
3, deciphering
解密
4, misalignment ['misəlainmənt]
n. 不重合；未对准

Continue reading it-e-25 RosettaNet

ipv6 影响mysql连接,can not connect to mysql 10061

25 May 2011 in Web / 数据库 on mysql

之前mysql都可以连，今天安装了ipv6后就连不上了。报错can not connect to mysql 10061

卸载了ipv6后重启机器，再连就可以了。必须要卸载才行，禁用ipv6不起作用。

Continue reading ipv6 影响mysql连接,can not connect to mysql 10061

it-e-26 Definitions and Content of the Electronic Commerce

25 May 2011 in 英语 on english, it

Electronic Commerce over the Internet is a new concept. In recent years, it has become so
broadly used that it is often left undifferentiated from other current trends which rely on
automation, such as concurrent engineering and just in time manufacturing. Many companies,
including CyberCash, Dig Cash,First Virtual, and Open Market had provided a variety of
electronic commerce services.
[1] If you have access to a personal computer (PC) and can connect to the Internet with a
browser, you can do business online. No more worries about programming. No more searching
for outdated catalogs as a customer or printing catalogs as a merchant. No more looking for
phone numbers, paying long-distance to connect, or keeping the store open late into the evening.
Just get on the Web, open an online store, and watch your business grow.
The wired world of business, developed technology, human talent, and a new way of doing
business make up today's growing worldwide economy. The backbone of this electronic
commerce is the Internet. The wired world is not about technology, it is about information,
decision making and communication. The wired world is changing life for everyone, from the
single household to the largest corporation. [2]No business can afford to ignore the potential of a
connected economy.
Electronic commerce is anemergingconcept that describes the process of buying and

selling or exchanging of products, services, and information via computer networks including the
Internet. Kalakota and Whinston (1997) define EC from these perspectives:
From a communications perspective, EC is the delivery of information, products/services, or
payments over telephone lines, computer networks, or any other electronic means.
From a business process perspective, EC is the application of technology toward the
automation of business transactions and work flow.
From a service perspective, EC is a tool that addresses the desire of firms, consumers, and
management to cut service costs while improving the quality of goods and increasing the speed
of service delivery.
From an on-line perspective, EC provides the capability of buying and selling products and
information on the Internet and other on-line services.
The term commerce is viewed by some as transactions conducted between business partners.
Therefore, the term electronic commerce seems to be fairly narrow to some people. Thus, many
use the term e-business. It refers to a broader definition of EC, not just buying and selling but
also servicing customers and collaborating with business partners, and conducting electronic
transactions within an organization. According to Lou Gerstner, IBM's CEO: "E-business is all
about cycle time, speed, globalization, enhanced productivity, reaching new customers and
sharing knowledge across institutions for competitive advantage."
Just like any other type of commerce, electronic commerce involves two parties: businesses
and consumers. There are three basic types of electronic commerce.
Business-to-Consumer (B2C): These areretailingtransactions with individual shoppers. The
typical shopper at Amazon.com is a consumer, or a customer. Oftentimes, this arrangement
eliminates the middleman by providing manufacturers direct sales to customers. Other times,
retail stores create a presence on the Web as another way to reach customers.
Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C): This category involves individuals selling to individuals.
This often takes the form of an electronic version of the classified ads or anauction. Goods are
described and interested buyers contact sellers tonegotiateprices. [3]Unlike traditional sales via
classified ads and auctions, buyers and sellers typically never meet face-to-face. Examples are
individuals selling in classified ads and selling residential property, cars, and so on. Advertising
personal services on the Internet and selling knowledge and expertise is another example of C2C.
Several auction sites allow individuals to put items up for auctions. Finally , many individuals are
using internal networks to advertise items for sale or service.
Business-to-Business (B2B): This category involves the sale of a product or service from
one business to another. This is typically a manufacturer-supplier relationship. For example, a
furniture manufacturer requires raw materials such as wood, paint, andvarnish. In B2B electronic
commerce, manufacturers electronically place orders with suppliers and many times payment is
made electronically.
Many people think EC is just having a Web site, but EC is much more than that. There are
dozens of applications of EC such as home banking, shopping in on-line stores and malls, buying

stocks, finding a job, conducting an auction, and collaborating electronically on research and
development projects. To execute these applications, it is necessary to have supporting information
and organizational infrastructure and systems. EC applications are supported by infrastructures, and
their implementation is dependent on four major areas: people, public policy, technical standards
and protocols, and other organizations. The EC management coordinates the applications,
infrastructures, andpillars.

1, merchant ['mə:tʃənt]
n. 商人,店主
a. 商业的
2, emerge [i'mə:dʒ]
v. 浮现,(由某种状态)脱出,(事实)显现出来
3, retailing ['ri:teiliŋ]
n. 零售业
4, auction ['ɔ:kʃən]
vt. 拍卖；竞卖
n. 拍卖
5, negotiate [ni'gəuʃieit]
v. 商议,谈判,交涉
6, varnish ['vɑ:niʃ]
n. 油漆,掩饰,光泽面
v. 粉饰,涂油漆于
7, pillars
n. 栋梁

Continue reading it-e-26 Definitions and Content of the Electronic Commerce

it-e-27 What is EDI?

25 May 2011 in 英语 on english, it

(1) I thought electronic data interchange (EDI) was an old technology, why am I still
hearing about it? EDI refers to the electronic exchange of business information between two

companies using a specific and structured format. The concept has been around since the 1970s
and has traditionally been used to automate buyer-seller transactions such as invoices and
purchase orders. But as more processes within a company become automated, EDI has expended
to areas such as inventory management and product distribution.
(2) How does it work?
EDI relies on standards, or common methods of defining classes of business data, which
allow computers to recognize what data belongs to what department in a company. In the early
days of EDI, many companies built in-house EDI standards, but as interest grew, industries
started to agree on common standards, administered by standards organizations. These standards,
which allow computers in different organizations to share information over privately built, closed
networks known as value-added networks, led to the use of EDI for corporate purchasing.
(3) What are the benefitsF
Consider a very simple non-EDI-based purchase. A buyer decides he needs 365 hammers.
He creates a purchase order, prints it out and pops it in the mail. When the supplier gets the order,
she types it into her company's computer system. The inventory guy pulls the order and ships out
the hammers. Next, the supplier prints out and mails an invoice. It's not hard to imagine that this
process could take several days. EDI has the potential to cut massive amounts of time out of the
process. Sending documents, such as purchase orders or invoices, electronically takes minutes,
not days, and shipments can often go out the day the order comes in. Moreover, the electronic
format does not need to be rekeyed upon arrival, which also eliminates the possibility of typos.
And EDI reduces costs by cutting down on data input, routing and delivery.
(4) What does all of this have to do with the INTERNET
Building an EDI system has traditionally required a substantial investment in some
heavy-duty computers and networking equipment for both parties. Sometimes a large buyer, such
as Wal-mart, will require that all its suppliers be EDI-compliant. That puts a burden on smaller
suppliers, forcing them to choose between a heavy technical investment and a loss of business.
And EDI isn't instantaneous. Because it uses information that frequently resides in mainframes,
the quality of information on an EDI network depends on how frequently the data is refreshed
from the mainframe.
And that's the promise of the Web, which offers much lower connectivity costs. That, added
to the lower costs of PCs and simpler software, makes EDI over the Web a compelling
proposition. Moreover, XML, an open standard for sharing data on the Web, is starting to appear
as a method of coding EDI standards, which could provide technical clarity across industries.
E-business
(1) That does e-business really mean
The most basic definition of e-business is simply this: using the Internet to connect with
customers, partners, and suppliers. But the term also implies the transformation of existing business
processes to make them more efficient. To engage in e-business, companies need to be able to unlock

data in their back-end computer systems, so they can share information and conduct electronic
transactions with customers, partners, and suppliers via the Internet. And for some companies,
engaging in e-business means adopting new web-enabled business models-auctioning off surplus
goods, selling products directly to consumers, or joining in online purchasing cooperatives with their
competitors. Without a doubt, embarkingon an e-business effort requires as much thinking about
business strategy as it does about technology.
(2) How is e-business different from e-commerceF
In some instances, the terms are used interchangeably, but to purists, e-commerce refers
only to online transactions. The term e-business encompasses online transactions, but it also
refers to online exchanges of information, such as a manufacturer letting its suppliers monitor
production schedules via an extranet (a secure web site that can be accessed only by authorized
parties), or a financial institution letting its customers review their banking, credit card, and
mortgageaccounts via a single web interface. In this respect, e-business overlaps with the
business-technology disciplines of customer relationship management (CRM) and supply chain
management (SCM).
(3) Just how much electronic commerce is being conducted via the Net
Despite all the hype, Internet-based e-commerce currently amounts to only a small fraction of
the U.s. GDP. But experts predict e-commerce volumes will grow exponentially over the next few
years, particularly in business-to-business e-commerce
that is, transactions between businesses
and their suppliers, partners, and business customers. Cambridge, Mass.-based market researcher
Forrester Research Inc. predicts business-to-business e-commerce in the U.S. will grow from
$406.2 billion in 2000 to $207 trillion in 2004. By contrast, Forrester predicts that
business-to-consumer e-commerce in the U.S. will grow from $38.8 billion in 2000 to $184.5
billion in 2004.
(4) Who should be in charge of a company's e-business effort?
In some companies, early web efforts were led by marketing or IT departments as special
projects. But that is starting to change, as e-business becomes a higher priority for the business as
a whole. A recent survey of large global corporations by Pricewaterhouse Coopers and The
Conference Board found that nearly 50 percent of them have full-time units devoted to e-business.
A survey of dotcoms and traditional companies by International Data Corp. (a Darwin sister
company) found that roughly 50 percent of e-business efforts are headed by CEOs.
(5) Have all companies jumped on the e-business bandwagon?
Not yet. Pricewaterhouse Coopers and The Conference Board found that 70 percent of the
global companies they surveyed derive less than 5 percent of their revenues from e-business.
Several factors have kept some companies surveyed from rolling out e-business initiatives,
including the following: potentially high and uncertain implementation costs; lack of demonstrated
ROI within their industry; concern about tax, legal, and privacy issues related to e-business; and
scant use of the internet among their customers.

What is ERP?

(1) I'm tired of pretending I know what ERP is
An enterprise resource planning software, or ERP, doesn't live up to its acronym. Forget
about planning
it doesn't
and forget about resource, a throwaway term. But remember the
enterprise part. This is ERP's true ambition. It attempts to integrate all departments and functions
across a company to create a single software program that runs off one database.
That's tall order. Each of those departments, like finance or human resource, typically has its
own computer system, each optimized for the particular department. Typically, when a customer
places an order, the order begins a mostly paper-based journey from in-basket to in-basket around
the company, often being keyed and rekeyed into different computer systems along the way. All
that lounging around in in-baskets causes delays and lost orders, and all the keying into different
computer systems invites errors. Meanwhile, no one truly knows the order status.
(2) So what can ERP do
ERP automates the tasks necessary to perform a business process
such as order fulfillment,
which involves taking and order from a customer, shipping it and billing for it. With ERP, when
a customer service representative takes an order, he or she has all the necessary information
the
customer's credit rating and order history, the company's inventory levels and the shipping dock's
trucking schedule. Everyone else in the company can view the same information and has access
to the single database that holds the order. When one department finishes with the order, it is
automatically routed via the ERP system to the nest department. To find out where the order is at
any point, one need only log in to the system. With luck, the order process moves like a bolt of
lightning through the organization.
(3) Sounds too good to be true. What's the catch
To do ERP right, your company needs to change the way it does business. And that kind of
change doesn't come without pain. It's critical to figure out if your way of doing business will fit
within a standard ERP package before signing the check. The move to ERP is a project of
breathtaking scope, and the price tags on the front end are enough to make even the most placed
CFO a little twitchy. In addition to budgeting for software costs, financial executives should plan
to write checks to cover consulting, process rework, integration testing and a long list of other
expenses before the benefits of ERP appear. Underestimating the price of teaching users their
new job processes can lead to a rude shock, and so can failure to consider data warehouse
integration requirements and the cost of extra software to duplicate the old report formats.
Oversights in financial planning can send the costs of an ERP project spiraling out of control.
The impact will be far greater than any other systems project you have undertaken.

1, inventory ['invəntri]
n. 详细目录,存货清单
2, embark [em'bɑ:k, im-]
vi. 从事，着手；上船或飞机
vt. 使从事；使上船
3, mortgage ['mɔ:gidʒ]
n.&v. 抵押
4, scant [skænt]
a. 不充分的,不足的
v. 减缩,吝啬
5, lounge [laundʒ]
n. 休息室；闲逛；躺椅；（英）酒吧间
vi. 闲逛；懒洋洋地躺卧；闲混
vt. 虚度光阴
6, twitchy ['twitʃi]
adj. 焦急的；焦躁不安的，神经紧张的；痉挛的

Continue reading it-e-27 What is EDI?

it-e-28 Dial Peer

25 May 2011 in 英语 on english, it, 英语

A dial peer, also known as an addressable call endpoint, is a device that can originate or
receive a call in a telephone network. In voice over IP (VoIP), addressable call endpoints can be
categorized as either voice-network dial peers or POTS (plain old telephone service) dial peers.
Voice-network dial peers include VoIP-capable computers, routers, and gateways within a
network. POTS dial peers include traditional phone sets, cell phones, and fax machines.
The term dial peer is sometimes used in reference to a program that matches a specific
dialed sequence of digits to an addressable call endpoint. According to this definition, there is
one dial peer for each call leg (connection between two addressable call endpoints).
Dial peer hunting is a feature of voice over IP(VoIP) systems in which the device at the
originating router attempts to find an alternative addressable call endpoint if it cannot establish a
connection to the intended endpoint. For dial peer hunting to work, the originating router must be
configured with a list (sequence) of dial peers, all of which can route a call to the same endpoint,
but using different destination routers. If the originating router receives an invalid-number or
user-busy code from the destination router, the originating router proceeds to the next dial peer
in the sequence.

Continue reading it-e-28 Dial Peer

软考资源

25 May 2011 in 默认分类 on 软考

ie打开软考网
http://www.ruankao.net/web/zige/xitongfenxishi.asp
文字版，但是太多连接
http://www.csairk.com/zt/ztda/
软考办
http://www.rkb.gov.cn/
书籍下载
http://d.download.csdn.net/down/2579742/tanjiekai
http://www.piaoxu.net/10306.html

Continue reading 软考资源

wicket，tapestry5，sopo 模板实现比较

25 May 2011 in java / Web on sopo, tapestry5, wicket

1 Wicket实现

Wicket模板是html格式,示例:index.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<title>Index.html</title>

</head>

<body>

</body>

</html>

还要在后台page类Index 中手动添加进组件列表中。

public class Index extends WebPage

{

/**

* Constructor

public Index()

{

PageLink link = new PageLink("edit",new IPageLink());

add(link);

}

add方法是继承自父类org.apache.wicket.MarkupContainer的方法，会将组件添加到其字段children中去.

模板由org.apache.wicket.markup.MarkupParser解析，遇到wicket:id属性的会转换为org.apache.wicket.markup.MarkupElement,

最终将html模板解析成MarkupElement列表,添加到org.apache.wicket.markup.Markup的List<MarkupElement> markupElements集合中,在组件绘制的时候,将其

包装成org.apache.wicket.markup.MarkupStream，会遍历MarkupElement列表,依据组件id获得组件,让每个组件进行绘制--调用方法

void org.apache.wicket.Component.render(MarkupStream markupStream).

具体的主要的解析实现是由org.apache.wicket.markup.parser.XmlPullParser完成的,通过过字符串操作来解析,详见其next方法,并没有使用第三方类库.

2 tapestry实现

tapestry5模板时xml格式,示例Index.tml

<html xmlns:t="http://tapestry.apache.org/schema/tapestry_5_0_0.xsd"> <head>
<title>Test</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Test</h1>
<h1>Address Book</h1>
<t:span c="d" >${fi}</t:span>
<ul>
<li>
<a t:type="pagelink" t:page="index" >Create new address</a>
</li>
</ul>
</body> </html>
因为已经在模板中指明了这个节点是什么类型的组件，所以，tapestry5就不需要再add组件了，它本身也不提供add方法。
public class Index

{

@Inject

private Logger logger;

private GridDataSource dss;

private int fi;

public Index()

{

super();

System.out.println("call ctor.");

}

public int getFi()

{

return fi;

}

public void setFi(int fi)

{

this.fi = fi;

}

tapastry5使用stAx实现的,这篇文章介绍了stax的用法,tapestry5通过注入的方式将org.apache.tapestry5.internal.services.TemplateParserImpl注入到

org.apache.tapestry5.internal.services.ComponentTemplateSourceImpl中的private final TemplateParser parser;字段中，TemplateParserImpl

实际使用的是org.apache.tapestry5.internal.services.StaxTemplateParser,在这里面会使用stax对模板进行解析。它通过节点是否有t:id,t:type属性来判断

是否是一个服务端组件。解析完模板会组建成一个节点列表，再在绘制页面的时候依据这个列表的顺序来调用相应的组件绘制。

逻辑主要在以下的类中
org.apache.tapestry5.internal.parser.ComponentTemplateImpl
org.apache.tapestry5.internal.structure.PageImpl
org.apache.tapestry5.internal.services.PageRenderRequestHandlerImpl

org.apache.tapestry5.internal.services.PageResponseRendererImpl

org.apache.tapestry5.internal.services.PageMarkupRendererImpl

org.apache.tapestry5.internal.services.PageRenderQueueImpl

Page org.apache.tapestry5.internal.pageload.PageLoaderImpl.loadPage(String logicalPageName, Locale locale)

3 sopo的实现方法

Sopo是可由每个page类来指明模板内容，只要是html格式就可以，示例:

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

function $(id){

return document.getElementById(id);

}

function test()

{

$('rst').innerHTML=reg.test($('d').value);

}

var reg = new RegExp("^([a-zA-Z0-9_\.\-])+\@(([a-zA-Z0-9\-])+\.)+([a-zA-Z0-9]{2,4})+$");

//var reg = /^([a-zA-Z0-9_\.\-])+\@(([a-zA-Z0-9\-])+\.)+([a-zA-Z0-9]{2,4})+$/i;

</script>

</head>

<body>

h--------

<![CDATA[jkjkjk]]>

<label stype="s:Label" id="lab1" >Hello World1<label stype="s:Label" id="lab2" >Hello World3</label></label>

<label stype="s:Label" id="lab3" >Hello World2</label>

</select>

<input type="radio" name="1" onclick="alert(this.value);" >3</input>3

</form>

</body>

</html>

它和tapestry有些像，因为模板里面指明了组件类型，所以就不需要再添加了.

public class Index extends Page

{

@Override

public String getTemplate()

{

try

{

return FileUtils.readFileToString(new File(getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("Index.html")));

}

catch (IOException e)

{

throw new RuntimeException(e);

}

@Override

public void onLoad()

{

Label lab = (Label)getRoot().findComponent("lab3");

lab.addComponent(new Literal("<a href=\"#\">hi i am dynamic!!</a>"));

Integer count = (Integer)getViewSate().get("count");

if (null == count)

{

count = 0;

}

count ++;

getViewSate().put("count", count);

Button btn = new Button("Ok" + count);

lab.addComponent(btn);

}

Sopo则是由neko解析模板,生成页面的组件树，web.sopo.template这个包下面包含了所有的模板解析类。每个page都有一个根组件

ComponentRoot web.sopo.page.Page.getRoot(),当开始绘制的时候则会从跟组件开始绘制。它的特点是可以在程序逻辑阶段动态的改变组件树的构造，上面的例子可以看到动态的加了个链接和按钮。使用了它的viewstate特性—存贮页面级变量，这和asp.net很像。

比较

这三种都支持模板(包括页面模板和组件模板)，共同特点是模板是html格式，美工可以直接编辑模板，没有讨厌的jsp标签.wicket取经于tapestry,tapestry取经于asp.net,而sopo也是学asp.net并且和它最像。Wicket需要后台add对应模板的组件,通过匹配,这样做虽然可以动态的决定绘制组件的类型但是也比较繁琐,它类似于swing的方式，但是Mode这个概念入侵很大，通过session来保持状态。tapestry通过模板和组件的绘制来展示页面，不允许你new 一个组件，并且和prototype, scriptaculous集成了，它的performance是这三个中最快的，虽然page和组件都是pojo,但是有注入依赖，到底这个特性有没有用那是见仁见智了。Sopo则是比较灵活，可以动态的修改组件树，和asp.net非常接近，写组件和tapestry一样非常清晰，概念和实现都很单，缺点是它的性能只适用于中小型应用。

Continue reading wicket，tapestry5，sopo 模板实现比较

google doc api-python试验

25 May 2011 in python on gdoc

本来想做个google document的客户端，但是发现：
python的支持版本还是1.0,而其它已经到3.0beta了
google doc本质是想作为web应用，它是REST的，所以做这个也没什么用
api里面获得文件夹列表就比较困难，我得不到顶层目录的entryid(不知道怎么找)
我找不到指定目录下面的子目录列表，category形式的查询会以文件夹名来找，那么
q/b/c
c
这样的结构，查找c会将q/b/c和c两个文件夹里面的都找出来
---放弃

Continue reading google doc api-python试验

DIV布局三注意

25 May 2011 in Web前端 on web html css 前端

[日期]： 2008-01-02 [来源]： [作者]： zuoyefeng

随着互联网的发展，web2.0思想的漫延，业界对网页的设计（布局）需求越来越苛刻。网页的布局一般有两种方案：

1、表格布局（传统方案）
2、DIV布局（优化方案）
以下事件，不得不让我们去重视DIV布局的应用。
A、DreamWeaver8的可视化设计，实际上就是DIV+CSS布局方式。
（我们用DW对文字左对齐且加粗，DW会加上DIV标签，并用CSS来实现加粗，而不是用font标签）
B、微软最新开发IDE vs2005，默认的布局也是DIV+CSS布局方案，但它的DataList和GridView仍是用表格来实现了。
C、国外近70%以上的网站采用div布局开发，90%以上的新网站均是DIV布局。
D、国内越来越多的网站、软件均采用DIV布局来规划页面。
E、国内各大门户，如163、凤凰网、闪吧、闪客帝国等均是DIV布局。
DIV布局如此重要，为何在国内行动略慢呢？

原因1：DIV布局，以手写代码为主，主要是CSS，这样增加了美工从事DIV的难度。
原因2：DIV布局，本身属生前台的工作，程序员往往不与理采。
原因3：DIV布局，需要良好的html、css2.0基础。
原因4：DIV布局，IE、火狐对DIV盒子思想的执行标准不同，也增加了DIV的难度。
好，本文主要针对，你已经有了DIV布局的基础，使你的设计，如何能兼容主流浏览器，一般的教程上，书上，所载的DIV，仅仅是针对IE的，照上面去做，无疑是浪费时间、复而迷惑。

注意，以上三大事项，你的DIV布局，基本可以兼容IE和火狐。这里有一个很重要的原则，IE对DIV的解释比较松散一些，火狐比较严格一些，所以你写的DIV布局，也要严格一些。
就说这么多了，DIV布局，主要是css2.0“用来用去”，其思想是用div标签来作容器，用ul li来代码行和列，其它的细节，待于你自己去实践。

Continue reading DIV布局三注意

1 Wicket实现

3 sopo的实现方法

比较

Pagination