upstart init.d systemd - a simple instruction

28 May 2018 in linux / devops on ubuntu - Hits()

systemd

systemd is now supported by most linux system, and is the recommended way contrast to old upstart and init
the systemd config file is under /lib/systemd/system
env vars only able to be set in ExecStart or ExecStartPre, best way is to set in the script
WorkingDirectory can not use double quote, seems to be a bug?
if you app run like java -jar, should use Type=simple instead of Type=forking, otherwise it will case a timeout

Make a service auto-start

after move the config under the folder /lib/systemd/system

#auto-start
sudo systemctl enable servicename.service

#reload
sudo systemctl daemon-reload

Run/Stop Service

#start
sudo systemctl start servicename.service

#stop
sudo systemctl stop servicename.service

View log

#view status, little log
systemctl status servicename.service 

#view the last 50 lines
systemctl status service-name -n50  

#view all the log
systemctl --no-pager -l status servicename.service 

#view all the log
journalctl -u service-name.service 

#view the last 50 lines
journalctl -n 50 --no-pager -u service-name.service 

#tail the log
journalctl -f -u service-name.service 

Example

Myexample
[Unit]
Description=Example
[Service]
Type=simple #for java, should not be forking
#note the bash should specify its full path
ExecStart=/bin/bash /home/ubuntu/myapp.sh
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

init

Reference:

Chapter 13. The SUSE LINUX Boot Concept / 13.4. Init Scripts

upstart

upstart is designed to replace init, but then
upstart is replaced by systemd from ubuntu 16

place servicename.conf under /etc/init/ which is system job.
place servicename.conf under $HOME/.init/ which is user job.
console log is written to /var/log/upstart/servicename.log
it support log rotating

Run/Stop Service

#start
sudo start servicename

#stop
sudo stop servicename

Example

author "blog.ureshika.com"
description "start and stop example for Ubuntu (upstart)"
version "1.0"

start on started networking
stop on runlevel [!2345]

setuid ubuntu
setgid ubuntu

# set env
env APPUSER="ubuntu"
env APPDIR="/usr/bin"

respawn

script
	cd $APPDIR	#use env
    #set env via shell script
	JAVA_OPTS="\
	-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=8089 \
	-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.rmi.port=8089 \
	-Djava.rmi.server.hostname=localhost \
	-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false \
	-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false \
	"
	exec /usr/bin/java $JAVA_OPTS -jar jetty-runner.jar \
	    --classes "." \
	    --host 0.0.0.0  --port 8080 \
	   app.war
end script

Refs

The Story Behind ‘init’ and ‘systemd’: Why ‘init’ Needed to be Replaced with ‘systemd’ in Linux